Adoption of mechanization alternatives in oil palm crops in the Colombian Orinoquia natural region
| dc.creator | Zapata-Hernández, Arley David | |
| dc.creator | Ruiz-Álvarez, Elizabeth | |
| dc.creator | Arias Arias, Nólver Atanacio | |
| dc.creator | Mosquera Montoya, Mauricio | |
| dc.creator | Cooman, Alexandre | |
| dc.date | 2025-11-12 | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-06-05T16:59:40Z | |
| dc.description | The Orinoquia Natural Region in Colombia, particularly the Cumaral and Bajo Upía subzone, serves as the country’s primary palm oil production area. However, it faces with labor shortages and a lack of current mechanization data. This study aims to assess mechanization status to enhance productivity and competitiveness in the oil palm industry. The goal was to determine the mechanization landscape, characterize available technologies, and evaluate their impact on productivity and costs for different types of oil palm producers. Utilizing a semistructured questionnaire, data was collected from plantation administrators and technical assistants. Analysis focused on identifying mechanization options and assessing Machinery adoption, productivity, and costs. Tractors are predominantly used for power, with limited adoption of advanced machinery like grabbers, variable-rate fertilizers, and electrostatic sprayers. Additionally, there’s a notable gap in harvest equipment availability, suggesting a need for further technological development and machinery rental strategies. This study highlights the importance of updated mechanization data and provides insights for decision-makers seeking to improve oil palm productivity and competitiveness in Colombia. By understanding the mechanization landscape, stakeholders can address labor shortages and drive sustainable growth in the oil palm sector. | en-US |
| dc.description | En Colombia, la región natural de la Orinoquía, en particular la subzona de Cumaral y Bajo Upía, constituye la principal área productora de aceite de palma del país. Sin embargo, esta región se enfrenta a una escasez de mano de obra y a la falta de información sobre la mecanización. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar el grado de mecanización para mejorar la productividad y la competitividad de la agroindustria de la palma de aceite. La finalidad fue establecer un panorama de la mecanización, caracterizar las tecnologías disponibles y evaluar su impacto en la productividad y los costos para los diferentes tipos de productores. Mediante un cuestionario semiestructurado, se recopiló información de administradores de plantaciones y asistentes técnicos. El análisis se centró en identificar las opciones de mecanización y evaluar la adopción, la productividad y el costo de maquinaria. Los tractores son la principal fuente de potencia utilizada, mientras que la adopción de equipos más sofisticados, como grabbers, fertilizadoras de tasa variable y atomizadores electrostáticos, es limitada. Además, se identificó una brecha importante en la disponibilidad de equipos de cosecha, lo que sugiere la necesidad de un mayor desarrollo tecnológico y de estrategias de alquiler de maquinaria. El estudio destaca la necesidad de contar con datos actualizados sobre mecanización y proporciona información a los responsables de la toma de decisiones, que buscan mejorar la productividad y la competitividad de la palma de aceite en Colombia. | es-ES |
| dc.format | application/pdf | |
| dc.format | text/xml | |
| dc.identifier | 10.56866/01212923.14471 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.fedepalma.org/handle/123456789/158300 | |
| dc.identifier.url | https://publicaciones.fedepalma.org/index.php/palmas/article/view/14471 | |
| dc.language | spa | |
| dc.publisher | Cenipalma | es-ES |
| dc.relation | https://publicaciones.fedepalma.org/index.php/palmas/article/view/14471/14382 | |
| dc.relation | https://publicaciones.fedepalma.org/index.php/palmas/article/view/14471/14399 | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Alfonso OA, Ricardo B, Romero HM. 2009a La mecanización del cultivo de palma de aceite. Palmas 30: 21–29. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Alfonso OA, Ricardo B, Romero HM. 2009b. Diagnóstico de la mecanización del cultivo de la palma de aceite en Colombia. Palmas 30: 9–19. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Alfonso OA, Castiblanco JS, Romero HM. 2011a. Incorporación de fertilizantes con abonadoras para siembra directa. Palmas 32: 71–80. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Alfonso OA, Castiblanco JS, Romero HM. 2011b. Evaluación económica de la incorporación de fertilizantes usando abonadoras de siembra directa en palma de aceite. Palmas 32: 81–90. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Chaya W, Bunnag B, Gheewala SH. 2019. Adoption, Cost and Livelihood Impact of Machinery Services Used in Small-Scale Sugarcane Production in Thailand. Sugar Tech 21: 543-556. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Cock J, Prager S, Meinke H, Echeverría R. 2022. Labour productivity: The forgotten yield gap. Agric Syst 201: 103452. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/FAO. 2016. Migration, agriculture and rural development. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/FAO. 2022. The State of Food and Agriculture 2022. Leveraging automation in agriculture for transforming agrifood systems. Roma: FAO. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Fedepalma. 2012. Guía de acceso al crédito palmero. Disponible en https://fedepalma.org/fede_content/uploads/2016/02/guiadeaccesoalcreditopalmero.pdf (última consulta: 07/02/2023) | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Fedepalma. 2022. Anuario estadístico 2022. Principales cifras de la agroindustria de la palma de aceite en Colombia y en el mundo 2017– 2021. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Finagro. 2022. A toda máquina. Disponible en https://www.finagro.com.co/todamaquina, (última consulta: 07/02/2023). | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Guisande C, Heine J, González-DaCosta J, García-Roselló E. 2014. RWizard Software. Vigo, España: Universidad de Vigo. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Hamann F, Arias-Rodríguez F, Bejarano-Rojas JA, Gáfaro-González MM, Méndez-Vizcaíno JC, Poveda-Olarte AP. 2019. Productividad total de los factores y eficiencia en el uso de los recursos productivos en Colombia. Ensayos Sobre Política Económica (89): 1-54. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Hunt D. 2008. Farm Power and Machinery Management. Décima edición. Waveland Press. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/IDEAM. 2005. Parte II — Distribución espacio-temporal de las variables del clima. En: Atlas Climatológico Nacional. Bogotá D.C., Colombia: Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM). Bogotá D.C., Colombia. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Ismail A, Ahmad S, Sharudin Z. 2015. Labour productivity in the Malaysian Oil Palm plantation sector. Oil Palm Ind Econ J 15: 1-10. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Jelani AR, Ahmad MR, Azaman MIH, Gono Y, Mohamed Z, Sukawai S, Aduka A, Aziz A, Bakri A, Mohamed A, et al. 2018. Development and evaluation of a new generation oil palm motorised cutter (Cantas Evo). J. Oil Palm Res 30: 276–288. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Kienzle J, Ashburner JE, Sims BG. 2013. Mechanization for rural development: a review of patterns and progress from around the world. Integr. Crop Manag., 20: xxvii+ 336 pp. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Liu Y, Heerink N, Li F, Shi X. 2022. Do agricultural machinery services promote village farmland rental markets? Theory and evidence from a case study in the North China plain. Land Use Policy 122: 106388. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Mahadi MR, Nai Sowat S, Bejo SK, Mohd Kassim MS, Wan Ismail WI. 2018. Trend in the development of oil palm fruit harvesting technologies in Malaysia. J Teknol 80: 83-91. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Mdoda L, Mdletshe STC, Dyiki MC, Gidi L. 2022. The impact of agricultural mechanization on smallholder agricultural productivity: evidence from Mnquma Local Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province. South African J Agric Ext 50: 76-101. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Mosquera-Montoya M, Munévar DE, Ruíz E, Fontanilla-Díaz CA, Salamanca ÓH, Obregón JM. 2023. Labor productivity assessment of three different mechanized harvest systems in Colombian oil palm crops. OCL 30: 1-8. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Munévar DE, Ruiz E, Díaz-R W, Báez-C D, Hernández-H J, Samalanca Ó, Mosquera-Montoya M. 2020. Cosecha en cultivos de palma de aceite mediante el uso del grabber: caso de estudio en una plantación de Colombia. Palmas 41: 13-26. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Nawi N, Deros B, Rahman M, Nordin N, Sukadarin E. 2015. Mechanized tools and technovation machinery in palm oil plantations: utilization or rejection? International Symposium on Advancement in Ergonomics & Safety 2015/ Lean & Six Sigma Symposium 2015. Perlis, Malasia, p. 1-6. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Norhajijah D, Mohiddin A, Pebrian D. 2021. Exploring mechanization degree and capacity in Malaysia’s oil palm plantations. AgricEngInt CIGR J 23: 220-228. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Our World in Data. 2019. Productivity: output per hour worked. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Pebrian D, Yahya A. 2013. Mechanized System for in-Field Oil Palm Fresh Fruit Bunches Collection-Transportation. Agric Mech Asia, Africa Lat Am 44: 7-14. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Peng J, Zhao Z, Liu D. 2022. Impacto de la mecanización agrícola en la producción, los ingresos y el mecanismo agrícolas: evidencia de la provincia de Hubei, China. Front Environ Sci 10: 1-15. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Pinnamaneni R, Potineni K. 2022. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Oil Palm, Elaeis guineensis Jacq. V Y Waisundara, ed. Rijeka: IntechOpen. Rijeka, pp. Cap. 6. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Ploll U, Arato M, Börner J, Hartmann M. 2022. Sustainable innovations: a qualitative study on farmers’ perceptions driving the diffusion of beneficial soil microbes in Germany and the UK. Sostenibilidad 14: 5749. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Ramírez-Contreras NE, Munar-Florez D , van der Hilst F F, Espinosa JC, Ocampo-Duran A, Ruiz-Delgado J, Molina-López DL, Wicke B, García-Núñez JA, Faaij APC. 2021. GHG Balance of Agricultural Intensification & Bioenergy Production in the Orinoquia Region,, Colombia. Land 10: 1-29. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Ramli AS, Azwan M, Bakri M, Ahmad MR. 2021. Enhancing mechanisation technology in oil palm plantation. Palm Oil Eng Bull n.º 138 (138): 10-15. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Rasooli Sharabiani V, Ranjbar I . 2008. Determination of the degree, level and capacity indices for agricultural mechanization in Sarab region. J Agric. Sci Technol 10: 215–223. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Rizzo G, Migliore G, Schifani G, Vecchio R. 2023. Key factors influencing farmers’ adoption of sustainable innovations: a systematic literature review and research agenda. Org Agric. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13165-023-00440-7 | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Ruiz E, Banguera J, Pérez W, Hernández J, Arévalo J, Mosquera M. 2020. Technical and economic assessment of two harvesting tools for Young Elaeis oleifera × oil palms. Agron Colomb 38: 386– 396. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Ruiz E, Mosquera-Montoya M, Munevar DE, Vargas LE, Vélez Zape JC. 2022. Productividad laboral en plantaciones de palma de aceite en Colombia. Boletín Técnico No. 43. https://doi.org/10.56866/9789588360966 | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Shuib AR, Khalid MR, Deraman MS. 2011. Innovation and technologies for oil palm mechanization. In: Further Advances in Oil Reserach (2000–2010). Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Ministry of Plantation Industries and Commodities. Kuala Lumpur, pp. 570–597. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Shuib AR, Radzi MKFM, Bakri MAM, Khalid MRM. 2020. Development of a harvesting and Transportation machine for oil palm plantations. J Saudi Soc Agric Sci 19: 365-373. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Sierra M, Alfonso O. 2010. Alce mecánico de racimos de palma de aceite en la Zona Oriental de Colombia. Palmas 31: 60–67. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Sociedad Americana de Ingenieros Agrícolas (ASAE). 2003. ASAE EP496. 2 FEB03 Agricultural Machinery Management. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Srivastava A, Goering C, Rohrbach R, Bukcmaster D. 2006. EngineeringPrinciples of Agricultural Machines. 2.ª ed. St. Joseph, EE. UU.: Sociedad Americana de Ingenieros Agrícolas y Biológicos. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Syarifudin SM, Zareen Z. 2021.Impact of the agricultural technology transfer to the production of independent palm oil smallholders: a review. Food Res 5: 110–124. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Universidad Estatal de Iowa. 2015. Estimating Farm Machinery Cost. A3–29. Ag Decision Maker. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Urrea V, Ochoa A, Mesa O. 2019. Seasonality of rainfall in Colombia. Water Resour. Res., 55 (5):4149–4162: https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR023316 | |
| dc.rights | Derechos de autor 2025 Palmas | es-ES |
| dc.rights | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 | es-ES |
| dc.source | Palmas; Vol. 46 Núm. 1 (2025): Palmas; 7-28 | es-ES |
| dc.source | 2744-8266 | |
| dc.subject | Adopción | es-ES |
| dc.subject | Costos | es-ES |
| dc.subject | Maquinaria agrícola | es-ES |
| dc.subject | Productividad laboral | es-ES |
| dc.subject | Adoption | en-US |
| dc.subject | agricultural machinery | en-US |
| dc.subject | costs | en-US |
| dc.subject | labor productivity | en-US |
| dc.title | Adoption of mechanization alternatives in oil palm crops in the Colombian Orinoquia natural region | en-US |
| dc.title | Adopción de alternativas de mecanización en cultivos de palma de aceite en la región natural de la Orinoquía colombiana | es-ES |
| dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article | |
| dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |