Renewable energy from the palm oil industry.
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Palm oil mills produce crude palm oil and palm kernel or crude palm kernel oil as their main products. Considerable amounts of co-products, such as fibre (from the measocarp), shell (from around the kernel), empty fruit bunches and palm oil mill efluent are also generated by the milling process. Fibre and shell are the main energy sources for the palm oil mills. In 1992, fibre and shell generated about 650 million kWh to meet the energy dmand of 265 palm oil mills in the country. This amounted to 2 percent -3 percent of the national energy consumption. Other co-products like empty fruit bunches and biogas are very much under-utilized as energy resources. They have the pontential of generating 1131 million kWh of electricity which is about 5 percent of the national energy dedmand. Palm oil methyl esters and crude palm oil are being evaluated as diesel substitutes. The palm oil methyl estr mixture (palm diesel) is being run in unmodified diesel engines. So far it has passed all the tests as a diesel substitute in exhaustive field trials. Very positive results have been obtained int erms of engine wear and tear, and reduction in dark smoke, CO, CO2 and SO2 in the exhaust emission. Crude palm oil is run in modified diesel (Esbett) engines. Its performance is being evaluated. This paper discusses the potential energy available from the above-mentioned products and coproducts fromk palm oil mills.
16 referencias.
Palm oil mills produce crude palm oil and palm kernel or crude palm kernel oil as their main products. Considerable amounts of co-products, such as fibre (from the measocarp), shell (from around the kernel), empty fruit bunches and palm oil mill efluent are also generated by the milling process. Fibre and shell are the main energy sources for the palm oil mills. In 1992, fibre and shell generated about 650 million kWh to meet the energy dmand of 265 palm oil mills in the country. This amounted to 2 percent -3 percent of the national energy consumption. Other co-products like empty fruit bunches and biogas are very much under-utilized as energy resources. They have the pontential of generating 1131 million kWh of electricity which is about 5 percent of the national energy dedmand. Palm oil methyl esters and crude palm oil are being evaluated as diesel substitutes. The palm oil methyl estr mixture (palm diesel) is being run in unmodified diesel engines. So far it has passed all the tests as a diesel substitute in exhaustive field trials. Very positive results have been obtained int erms of engine wear and tear, and reduction in dark smoke, CO, CO2 and SO2 in the exhaust emission. Crude palm oil is run in modified diesel (Esbett) engines. Its performance is being evaluated. This paper discusses the potential energy available from the above-mentioned products and coproducts fromk palm oil mills.
16 referencias.
Palm oil mills produce crude palm oil and palm kernel or crude palm kernel oil as their main products. Considerable amounts of co-products, such as fibre (from the measocarp), shell (from around the kernel), empty fruit bunches and palm oil mill efluent are also generated by the milling process. Fibre and shell are the main energy sources for the palm oil mills. In 1992, fibre and shell generated about 650 million kWh to meet the energy dmand of 265 palm oil mills in the country. This amounted to 2 percent -3 percent of the national energy consumption. Other co-products like empty fruit bunches and biogas are very much under-utilized as energy resources. They have the pontential of generating 1131 million kWh of electricity which is about 5 percent of the national energy dedmand. Palm oil methyl esters and crude palm oil are being evaluated as diesel substitutes. The palm oil methyl estr mixture (palm diesel) is being run in unmodified diesel engines. So far it has passed all the tests as a diesel substitute in exhaustive field trials. Very positive results have been obtained int erms of engine wear and tear, and reduction in dark smoke, CO, CO2 and SO2 in the exhaust emission. Crude palm oil is run in modified diesel (Esbett) engines. Its performance is being evaluated. This paper discusses the potential energy available from the above-mentioned products and coproducts fromk palm oil mills.
Palabras clave
Aceite de palma, Biogás., Combustibles., Energía., ésteres metílicos, Plantas de beneficio, Raquis, Subproductos., Tusas