Evaluation of root absorption technique in an oil palm eradication program (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Publicación:
Revista Palmas; Vol. 21 Núm. especial, (2000); 59-65
0121-2923
Revista Palmas; Vol. 21 Núm. especial, (2000); 59-65
0121-2923
Abstract
In Colombia, one of the greatest obstacles that a palm grower must overcome to begin a renovation process in his plantation is, undoubtedly, the high cost of this activity. Nowadays, the traditional renewal system costs around $510,000 Colombian pesos per hectare (including product, sawing and burning of field until tillage). The above shows how important it would be for the palm growing sector to find an easy to use method that, at the same time, allows to lower the dose of herbicides with the same or even greater efficiency that the one provided by the traditional method. If this is achieved, the costs of the renewal process could be lowered. In accordance to that, the present work was designed with the objective of looking for alternatives that allow the renewal programs costs in oil palm plantations to be reduced. The following specific objectives were developed: 1) To evaluate the effectiveness of the Round - up and Anzar herbicides in a renewal program. 2) To find the cheapest and most effective doses of herbicide that should be used in a renewal program. 3) To evaluate the root absorption technique with herbicides in an eradication program of oil palm. 4) To determine the humidity of the soil before and after the root treatment. The evaluated herbicides were Round - up and Anzar. Four doses of these two products were tested 15 - 20 - 25 - 30 cc of commercial product/plant with 5 repetitions/treatment. The treated oil palms as well as the treatments were done randomly. According to the results it is concluded that: 1) Round - up turned out to be the most effective herbicide. 2) The soil's humidity pre and post treatment as well as its supervision, are fundamental for the success of the evaluated technique. 3) All the evaluated Round - up doses are effective regardless of the height or the thickness of the oil palm stem. En Colombia uno de los mayores obstáculos que tiene que sortear el palmicultor para iniciar un proceso de renovación de su plantación, es indudablemente el alto costo de esta actividad. Actualmente el sistema de renovación tradicional está en el orden de los $510.0007ha (incluyendo producto, motosierra, quema hasta siembra en campo con labranza cero). Lo anterior, pone de manifiesto la gran importancia que tendría para la palmicultura el que se pudiera encontrar un método fácil de emplear y al mismo tiempo permitir bajar las dosis de los herbicidas con la misma o mayor eficiencia que ha presentado hasta la fecha el método tradicional. De lograr esto se facilitaría la realización de la labor- renovación -, por los menores costos que implicaría para el palmicultor. Con base en lo anterior se planteó el presente trabajo con el fin de buscar alternativas tendientes a reducir los costos en los programas de renovación de plantaciones de palma de aceite. Para lograr este objetivo general se pusieron en práctica los siguientes objetivos específicos: 1) Evaluar la efectividad de los herbicidas Round-Up y Anzar en un programa de renovación. 2) Encontrar la dosis más económica y efectiva de herbicida que se debe emplear en un programa de renovación. 3) Evaluar la técnica de absorción radicular con herbicidas en un programa de erradicación en palma aceitera. 4) Determinar el índice la humedad del suelo antes y después de realizar el tratamiento radicular. Los productos herbicidas evaluados fueron Round-Up y Anzar. De éstos se probaron 4 dosis 15-20 -25 -30 cc. de producto comercial/planta, con 5 repeticiones/tratamiento. Las palmas tratadas lo mismo que los tratamientos se hicieron completamente al azar. De acuerdo con los resultados se concluye que: 1) Round-Up resultó ser el herbicida más efectivo. 2) La humedad del suelo pre y post tratamiento al igual que la supervisión de los mismos son determinantes en el éxito de la técnica evaluada. 3) Todas las dosis de Round-Up evaluadas son efectivas independientemente de la altura y grosor de estipe de las palmas tratadas.
In Colombia, one of the greatest obstacles that a palm grower must overcome to begin a renovation process in his plantation is, undoubtedly, the high cost of this activity. Nowadays, the traditional renewal system costs around $510,000 Colombian pesos per hectare (including product, sawing and burning of field until tillage). The above shows how important it would be for the palm growing sector to find an easy to use method that, at the same time, allows to lower the dose of herbicides with the same or even greater efficiency that the one provided by the traditional method. If this is achieved, the costs of the renewal process could be lowered. In accordance to that, the present work was designed with the objective of looking for alternatives that allow the renewal programs costs in oil palm plantations to be reduced. The following specific objectives were developed: 1) To evaluate the effectiveness of the Round - up and Anzar herbicides in a renewal program. 2) To find the cheapest and most effective doses of herbicide that should be used in a renewal program. 3) To evaluate the root absorption technique with herbicides in an eradication program of oil palm. 4) To determine the humidity of the soil before and after the root treatment. The evaluated herbicides were Round - up and Anzar. Four doses of these two products were tested 15 - 20 - 25 - 30 cc of commercial product/plant with 5 repetitions/treatment. The treated oil palms as well as the treatments were done randomly. According to the results it is concluded that: 1) Round - up turned out to be the most effective herbicide. 2) The soil's humidity pre and post treatment as well as its supervision, are fundamental for the success of the evaluated technique. 3) All the evaluated Round - up doses are effective regardless of the height or the thickness of the oil palm stem.
Palabras clave:
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
mejoramiento de plantaciones
herbicidas
absorción radicular
Colombia
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
mejoramiento de plantaciones
herbicidas
absorción radicular
Colombia