Evaluation of the humidifying pattern of two subirrigated soils cultivated with oil palm
Publicación:
Revista Palmas; Vol. 21 Núm. especial, (2000); 109-116
0121-2923
Revista Palmas; Vol. 21 Núm. especial, (2000); 109-116
0121-2923
Abstract
The essay was carried out in the state Monagas and the behavior of a sub irrigation system applied to the cultivation of palm oil was evaluated. The soil properties and the plant root pattern were considered. A Typic Plinthudults and an Entic Pelluderts located in alluvial terraces were studied. The subirrigación system was evaluated through parallel secondary channels with 31 m of separation, and a modification with tertiary channels of 12 m long and 18 m of separation inserted at 45° on the secondary channels. The hydraulic properties were evaluated in four strata, the soils watering pattern was evaluated according to the distance to the secondary sub irrigation channels and the plant root pattern was evaluated up to 80 cm of depth. The results evidenced intrinsic and extrinsic soils limitations for the sub irrigation, which were represented by horizons compacted that act as barriers to the hydraulic movement, and subsurface strata that allow the percolation of the watering water. The constructions of tertiary channels of watering or the surface application of the water represent alternatives to overcome these limitations. El ensayo se realizó en una plantación comercial del estado Monagas y se evaluó el comportamiento de un sistema de subirrigación aplicado al cultivo de palma de aceite. Se estudiaron dos suelos clasificados como Typic Plinthudults y Entic Pelluderts ubicados en terrazas aluviales. Se evaluó el sistema de subirrigación a través de canales secundarios paralelos con 31 m de separación, y una modificación con canales terciarios de 12 m de longitud y 18 m de separación insertados a 45° sobre los canales secundarios. Las propiedades hidráulicas se evaluaron en cuatro estratos; el patrón de humedecimiento de los suelos se evaluó en función de la distancia a los canales secundarios de riego y el patrón radicular de la planta se evaluó hasta 80 cm de profundidad. Los resultados evidenciaron restricciones intrínsecas y extrínsecas de los suelos para la subirrigación, representadas por estratos subsuperficiales que permiten la percolación del agua de riego y por horizontes compactados que actúan como barreras al movimiento hidráulico, respectivamente. La construcción de canales terciarios de riego o la aplicación superficial del agua representan alternativas para superar estas restricciones.
The essay was carried out in the state Monagas and the behavior of a sub irrigation system applied to the cultivation of palm oil was evaluated. The soil properties and the plant root pattern were considered. A Typic Plinthudults and an Entic Pelluderts located in alluvial terraces were studied. The subirrigación system was evaluated through parallel secondary channels with 31 m of separation, and a modification with tertiary channels of 12 m long and 18 m of separation inserted at 45° on the secondary channels. The hydraulic properties were evaluated in four strata, the soils watering pattern was evaluated according to the distance to the secondary sub irrigation channels and the plant root pattern was evaluated up to 80 cm of depth. The results evidenced intrinsic and extrinsic soils limitations for the sub irrigation, which were represented by horizons compacted that act as barriers to the hydraulic movement, and subsurface strata that allow the percolation of the watering water. The constructions of tertiary channels of watering or the surface application of the water represent alternatives to overcome these limitations.
Palabras clave:
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
riego
manejo del suelo
compactación del suelo
tipos litológicos de suelo
cultivo en terrazas
balance hídrico del suelo
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
riego
manejo del suelo
compactación del suelo
tipos litológicos de suelo
cultivo en terrazas
balance hídrico del suelo
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