Muestreo de Sagalassa valida en plantaciones de palma de aceite de la zona de Tumaco (Nariño), Colombia
Author
Chávez, Carlos A.
Ortiz, Luis E.
Salamanca O., Juan C.
Peña R., Eduardo A.
Como citar
Publicación:
Revista Palmas; Vol. 21 Núm. especial, (2000); 181-184
0121-2923
Revista Palmas; Vol. 21 Núm. especial, (2000); 181-184
0121-2923
Abstract
Nowadays, the insect Sagalassa Valida (Lepidoptera: Glyphipterigidae) due to its wide spread distribution and the levels of damage inflicted during its larva state, mainly related to significant decrease in production, has become the main plague affecting the oil palm crops in the Western zone of Colombia. This insect destroys the root system of the palm and, in some extreme cases, can affect up to 100% of the roots, hence producing the falling down of the palm. In order to measure the level of damage reached by the insect, a sampling method with slight variations was applied for the plantations of the region. It was concluded that the management of the insect has to be focused towards the supervision of the roots of the affected palms, whose control depends on the level of damage of the roots. Two palms per hectare is the basic number for the supervising. The sample of roots per palm is obtained in a piece of soil taken from the trunk of the palm with the following dimensions: 30 cm. of width, 40 cm. of length, and 30 cm. of depth. A level over to 5% of primary roots affected in the sample, is the criterion for applying management measures. En la actualidad el insecto Sagalassa valida (Lepidóptera: Glyphipterigidae) ha logrado una amplia distribución, causado altos niveles de daño (ocasionados por su estado larval) e inducido reducciones significativas de la producción de la palma de aceite, convirtiéndose en el principal insecto plaga que afecta los cultivos de palma de aceite de la Zona Occidental. Este insecto se caracteriza por destruir el sistema radical de la palma y en casos extremos puede afectar hasta el 100% de las raíces produciéndose volcamientos debido a la pérdida del anclaje. Para medir el nivel de daño alcanzado por el insecto se estableció un método de muestreo que con ligeras variaciones es aplicado por las plantaciones de la zona. Se determinó que el manejo del insecto en las plantaciones debe enfocarse al monitoreo de las raíces de las palmas en los lotes afectados y que su control depende de los niveles de daño en las raíces afectadas. Dos palmas por hectárea es un número base para el monitoreo y la muestra de raíces por palma es la obtenida en una sección de suelo tomada a partir del estípite con dimensiones de 30 cm de ancho, 40 cm de largo y 30 cm de profundidad. Un nivel superior a 5% de raíces primarias afectadas en la muestra de raíces es el criterio para aplicar medidas de manejo.
Nowadays, the insect Sagalassa Valida (Lepidoptera: Glyphipterigidae) due to its wide spread distribution and the levels of damage inflicted during its larva state, mainly related to significant decrease in production, has become the main plague affecting the oil palm crops in the Western zone of Colombia. This insect destroys the root system of the palm and, in some extreme cases, can affect up to 100% of the roots, hence producing the falling down of the palm. In order to measure the level of damage reached by the insect, a sampling method with slight variations was applied for the plantations of the region. It was concluded that the management of the insect has to be focused towards the supervision of the roots of the affected palms, whose control depends on the level of damage of the roots. Two palms per hectare is the basic number for the supervising. The sample of roots per palm is obtained in a piece of soil taken from the trunk of the palm with the following dimensions: 30 cm. of width, 40 cm. of length, and 30 cm. of depth. A level over to 5% of primary roots affected in the sample, is the criterion for applying management measures.
Palabras clave:
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
enfermedades de las plantas
sagalassa valida
sistema radicular
manejo integrado de plagas
agentes de control biológico
insectos dañinos de la raíz
Tumaco
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
enfermedades de las plantas
sagalassa valida
sistema radicular
manejo integrado de plagas
agentes de control biológico
insectos dañinos de la raíz
Tumaco