Transesterification of the pal oil using catalysts based on Sn and Ni
Publicación:
Revista Palmas; Vol. 21 Núm. especial, (2000); 381-385
0121-2923
Revista Palmas; Vol. 21 Núm. especial, (2000); 381-385
0121-2923
Abstract
The present work to shows the results obtained in the transesterification of the palm oil using heterogeneous catalysis. Catalysts based on tin and nickels have been used. These metals are well-known for their transesterification properties. Contrary to the prospective results, the catalysts based on nickel present a better stability to transesterification reaction that those based on tin. It is for this reason that these solids present a superior activity. It can understood that the use of another type of oil, in this case the composition of the Colombian palm oil, can affect the chemical structure of the catalytic solids. The study of the solids to transesterification reactions shows the influence of the support on metal and over reaction. The influence of temperature also was observed. Transesterification reactions were carried out to 180, 200 and 220 °C, and observing for each cases the influence of the catalyst. The determination was made by gas chromatographic. Finally, it was found that the pressure plays a paper in this reaction. Reactions to atmospheric pressure present smaller yields that those to high pressure. Our interest is centered in finding an appropriate solid for the transformation of the palm oil in esters. El presente trabajo muestra los resultados obtenidos en la transesterificación del aceite de palma utilizando la catálisis heterogénea. Para tal efecto se han utilizado catalizadores a base de estaño y níquel, metales conocidos por sus propiedades transesterificantes. Contrario a los resultados esperados, los catalizadores a base de níquel presentan una mejor estabilidad frente a la reacción de transesterificación que los del estaño. Es por esta razón que estos sólidos presentan una actividad superior. Puede entenderse que la utilización de otro tipo de aceite, en este caso la composición del aceite de palma colombiano, puede afectar la estructura química de los sólidos. El estudio o prueba de los sólidos en las reacciones de transesterificación muestra la influencia del soporte sobre el metal y sobre la reacción. También se observó la influencia de la temperatura, por lo que se realizó la reacción de transesterificación a 180,200 y 220°C, observando para cada caso la influencia sobre el catalizador y comparando los resultados entre sí, mediante su determinación por cromatografía gaseosa. Finalmente se encuentra que la presión juega un papel en esta reacción. Reacciones a presión atmosférica presentan menores rendimientos que aquellas a presión alta. El interés está centrado en encontrar un sólido adecuado para la transformación del aceite de palma en ésteres.
The present work to shows the results obtained in the transesterification of the palm oil using heterogeneous catalysis. Catalysts based on tin and nickels have been used. These metals are well-known for their transesterification properties. Contrary to the prospective results, the catalysts based on nickel present a better stability to transesterification reaction that those based on tin. It is for this reason that these solids present a superior activity. It can understood that the use of another type of oil, in this case the composition of the Colombian palm oil, can affect the chemical structure of the catalytic solids. The study of the solids to transesterification reactions shows the influence of the support on metal and over reaction. The influence of temperature also was observed. Transesterification reactions were carried out to 180, 200 and 220 °C, and observing for each cases the influence of the catalyst. The determination was made by gas chromatographic. Finally, it was found that the pressure plays a paper in this reaction. Reactions to atmospheric pressure present smaller yields that those to high pressure. Our interest is centered in finding an appropriate solid for the transformation of the palm oil in esters.
Palabras clave:
aceite de palma
transesterificación
catalizador
actividad catalítica
reacciones químicas
oleoquímicos
aceite de palma
transesterificación
catalizador
actividad catalítica
reacciones químicas
oleoquímicos