Tissue culture : a valuable tool for developing oil palm in Colombia
Publicación:
Revista Palmas; Vol. 28 Núm. 1 (2007); 53-64
0121-2923
Revista Palmas; Vol. 28 Núm. 1 (2007); 53-64
0121-2923
Abstract
In vitro techniques in oil palm have been considered as an important option for increasing yield. So, in the decade of 1970, clonal propagation of elite material was started. However, in its first phase, such technology gave very poor results for oil palm, in particular, associated to the somaclonal variation due to the hormonal unbalance. Then, and after hard research work, in vitro propagation techniques have been optimized and basic knowledge has been generated in order to diminish presence of such aberrant palms. Several molecular tools have been implemented, and nowadays, evaluations of clonal field trials shown the viability and possibility of use clonal material at commercial scale. In this paper, a review on oil palm cloning technology is presented, including problems and relevance for the Colombian oil palm sector Las técnicas de cultivo in vitro en palma de aceite se han considerado como una opción importante para el incremento de la productividad de este cultivo. Así, en la década de 1970, se comenzó la propagación clonal de material élite. Sin embargo, en su primera fase, dicha tecnología produjo resultados muy pobres para palma de aceite, en particular, asociados con la variación somaclonal debida al desbalance hormonal. Posteriormente, y luego de un arduo trabajo de investigación, las técnicas de propagación in vitro se han optimizado y se ha generado conocimiento básico para disminuir la presencia de palmas con aberraciones. Algunas herramientas moleculares se han implementado y, en la actualidad, las evaluaciones de material clonal en campo muestran que es viable y posible la siembra de clones a escala comercial. En el presente documento, se presenta una revisión sobre la tecnología de clonación en palma de aceite, sus problemas y su importancia para el sector palmicultor Colombiano.
In vitro techniques in oil palm have been considered as an important option for increasing yield. So, in the decade of 1970, clonal propagation of elite material was started. However, in its first phase, such technology gave very poor results for oil palm, in particular, associated to the somaclonal variation due to the hormonal unbalance. Then, and after hard research work, in vitro propagation techniques have been optimized and basic knowledge has been generated in order to diminish presence of such aberrant palms. Several molecular tools have been implemented, and nowadays, evaluations of clonal field trials shown the viability and possibility of use clonal material at commercial scale. In this paper, a review on oil palm cloning technology is presented, including problems and relevance for the Colombian oil palm sector
Palabras clave:
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
elaeis oleífera
clonación
propagación vegetativa
cultivo de tejidos
cultivo in vitro
Colombia
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
elaeis oleífera
clonación
propagación vegetativa
cultivo de tejidos
cultivo in vitro
Colombia