Physiological aspects associated with oil palm lethal wilt
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Author
Cayón S., Daniel G.
Avellaneda B., César A.
Rodríguez N., Fernando
Como citar
Publicación:
Revista Palmas; Vol. 28 Núm. especial, (2007); 373-382
0121-2923
Revista Palmas; Vol. 28 Núm. especial, (2007); 373-382
0121-2923
Abstract
There has been a disease in the plantation of adult palms, located at eastern zone of oil palm production, it is called ?Lethal Wilt?, and it causes the quick death of the palms and the causal agent is not knowing. The aim of the study was to determine set the physiological answers of the palms when the infection appeared. For the treatment, a series of palms were chosen with initial symptoms, suspicious, healthy inside focus and outside it. The study measured foliar temperature and stomata opening, transpiration and stomatal resistance in leaf number 17 of the affected palms, using a porometer Liquor, Li-1000 ® and an infrared thermometer OAKTON INFRAPRO ®. The study used a factorial statistical design completely at random, four treatments, three repetitions and twelve palms by each repetition. The results show that the variables are affected by the disease within the evaluated hours, presenting statistical differences in palms with initial symptoms regarding to the other palms of the study, these show that the disease affect physiological performance of the palms, reducing the capacity to use the environmental offer for the process of gaseous exchange, this is notorious mainly in palms with initial symptoms, suspicious, healthy inside the focus and outside it. En las plantaciones de la Zona Oriental de producción de palma de aceite se ha venido presentando una enfermedad en palmas adultas, denominada "marchitez letal", que causa su muerte rápida, y no se conoce el agente causal. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar las respuestas fisiológicas de las palmas frente al inicio de la infección. Para los tratamientos se escogieron palmas con síntomas iniciales de la enfermedad, sospechosas, sanas dentro de un foco y sanas fuera del foco. Se midió temperatura foliar, apertura estomática, transpiración y resistencia estomática en la hoja 17 de palmas afectadas, por medio de un porómetro Licor LI-1000 y un termómetro infrarrojo OAKTON INFRAPRO. Se utilizó un diseño estadístico factorial completamente al azar, y se aplicaron cuatro tratamientos, con tres repeticiones y 12 palmas por repetición. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que las variables temperatura foliar, transpiración, resistencia estomática y apertura estomática son afectadas por la enfermedad en las horas evaluadas, presentando diferencias estadísticas en palmas con síntomas iniciales de la enfermedad con respecto a las otras palmas del estudio. Esto indica que la enfermedad afecta el desempeño fisiológico de las palmas, reduciendo la capacidad de utilizar la oferta ambiental para los procesos de intercambio gaseoso, mostrando efectos notorios principalmente en palmas con síntomas iniciales, sospechosas, sanas dentro del foco y sanas fuera del foco.
There has been a disease in the plantation of adult palms, located at eastern zone of oil palm production, it is called ?Lethal Wilt?, and it causes the quick death of the palms and the causal agent is not knowing. The aim of the study was to determine set the physiological answers of the palms when the infection appeared. For the treatment, a series of palms were chosen with initial symptoms, suspicious, healthy inside focus and outside it. The study measured foliar temperature and stomata opening, transpiration and stomatal resistance in leaf number 17 of the affected palms, using a porometer Liquor, Li-1000 ® and an infrared thermometer OAKTON INFRAPRO ®. The study used a factorial statistical design completely at random, four treatments, three repetitions and twelve palms by each repetition. The results show that the variables are affected by the disease within the evaluated hours, presenting statistical differences in palms with initial symptoms regarding to the other palms of the study, these show that the disease affect physiological performance of the palms, reducing the capacity to use the environmental offer for the process of gaseous exchange, this is notorious mainly in palms with initial symptoms, suspicious, healthy inside the focus and outside it.
Palabras clave:
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
marchitez letal
temperatura
follaje
transpiración
estoma
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
marchitez letal
temperatura
follaje
transpiración
estoma