Integrated oil palm nutrition management
Publicación:
Revista Palmas; Vol. 28 Núm. especial, (2007); 394-411
0121-2923
Revista Palmas; Vol. 28 Núm. especial, (2007); 394-411
0121-2923
Abstract
Fertilizers are still the most common limiting factor for high oil palm yields in many situations. It is also the most costly input in palm oil production. The accurate assessment of fertilizer needs to sustain maximum economic yields and delivery of the nutrients to meet the need is the cornerstone of efficient fertilizer management. The concept of site yield potential (SYP) allows objective and realistic yield target to be set and also helps foster a multidisciplinary approach to yield maximization. The nutrient balance approach provides a logical and quantitative basis for estimating fertilizer requirements as well as a framework for site-specific fertilizer management. INFERS, an integrated site-specific fertilizer recommendation system which integrates the SYP concept with the nutrient balance approach has been developed. Efficient and balanced nutrient management requires that each nutrient is supplied in sufficient quantity and applied in a manner (in term of rates, timing, placement, frequency, etc.) that maximizes its recovery. The availability of reliable, affordable, user-friendly GPS/GIS and modern information management technology has enhanced our ability to plan and apply site-specific practices on the estates and to monitor and simulate the impacts of such practices. Agronomists and planters alike must take advantage of all new proven technologies and advances to increase productivity and efficiency and reduce production costs. However meticulous attention to each detail of field management and land preparation, planting and upkeep is the foundation for high productivity and efficiency of the oil palm. The need to get the basics right is always important. There must be commitment to ensure that even the most routine is well accomplished. En muchas situaciones, los fertilizantes son el factor limitante más común que afecta el rendimiento de la palma de aceite. Además, es el insumo más costoso en la producción de la misma. Es preciso evaluar las necesidades de fertilizantes para mantener un máximo rendimiento económico y entregar los nutrientes que permitan satisfacer las necesidades de la planta y ésta es la base para un manejo eficiente de los fertilizantes. El concepto de potencial de rendimiento en el sitio (PRS) permite establecer objetivos y metas de rendimiento realistas y además fomentar un enfoque multidisciplinario para alcanzar rendimientos máximos. El enfoque del equilibrio de nutrientes brinda una base lógica y cuantitativa para estimar las necesidades de fertilizantes al igual que un marco para el manejo de fertilizantes, de forma específica, por sitio. Se ha elaborado Infers, un sistema de recomendación integrado, específico por sitio, que integra el concepto PRS con el enfoque del equilibrio de nutrientes. Un manejo eficiente y equilibrado de los nutrientes requiere que cada uno de ellos se suministre en una cantidad suficiente y se aplique en una forma que permita una máxima recuperación (en términos de tasas, oportunidad, aplicación, frecuencia, etcétera). La disponibilidad de tecnología GPS/GIS de administración de la información, moderna, confiable, a un costo apropiado, fácil de utilizar, ha mejorado nuestra capacidad de planear y aplicar prácticas específicas al sitio, para la plantación y controlar y simular los impactos de tales prácticas. Tanto los agrónomos como los hacendados deben aprovechar todas las nuevas tecnologías comprobadas y los avances para aumentar la productividad y la eficiencia y poder reducir los costos de producción. No obstante, es preciso brindar atención cuidadosa a cada detalle del manejo, preparación del terreno, siembra y mantenimiento ya que es la base para la alta productividad y eficiencia en la palma de aceite. Es importante hacer hincapié en los aspectos básicos. Debe existir un compromiso para garantizar que incluso el trabajo más rutinario, se realice en forma adecuada.
Fertilizers are still the most common limiting factor for high oil palm yields in many situations. It is also the most costly input in palm oil production. The accurate assessment of fertilizer needs to sustain maximum economic yields and delivery of the nutrients to meet the need is the cornerstone of efficient fertilizer management. The concept of site yield potential (SYP) allows objective and realistic yield target to be set and also helps foster a multidisciplinary approach to yield maximization. The nutrient balance approach provides a logical and quantitative basis for estimating fertilizer requirements as well as a framework for site-specific fertilizer management. INFERS, an integrated site-specific fertilizer recommendation system which integrates the SYP concept with the nutrient balance approach has been developed. Efficient and balanced nutrient management requires that each nutrient is supplied in sufficient quantity and applied in a manner (in term of rates, timing, placement, frequency, etc.) that maximizes its recovery. The availability of reliable, affordable, user-friendly GPS/GIS and modern information management technology has enhanced our ability to plan and apply site-specific practices on the estates and to monitor and simulate the impacts of such practices. Agronomists and planters alike must take advantage of all new proven technologies and advances to increase productivity and efficiency and reduce production costs. However meticulous attention to each detail of field management and land preparation, planting and upkeep is the foundation for high productivity and efficiency of the oil palm. The need to get the basics right is always important. There must be commitment to ensure that even the most routine is well accomplished.
Palabras clave:
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
aplicación de fertilizantes
nutrición de las plantas
productividad
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
aplicación de fertilizantes
nutrición de las plantas
productividad