Phytophthora sp. is responsible for bud rot in oil palm in Colombia
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Author
Martínez, Gerardo
Sarria, Greicy A.
Torres L., Gabriel A.
Aya, Héctor A.
Ariza, Josué G.
Rodríguez, Jessica
Como citar
Publicación:
Revista Palmas; Vol. 29 Núm. 3 (2008); 31-41
0121-2923
Revista Palmas; Vol. 29 Núm. 3 (2008); 31-41
0121-2923
Abstract
In the research activities oriented toward the identification of the microorganism responsible for bud rot (PC, for its name in Spanish), of the oil palm in Colombia, there were isolated, purified and used in pathogenicity tests, the wide range of microorganisms associated with the lesions in the diseased palms. After the corresponding observations, it was possible to discard many of them, as the responsible to initiate the disease and finally concentrate all the efforts in the resistance structures similar to the ones of the oomicetos that were observed in the bud, in the early stages of infection, in the advance zone of the rotting process toward the meristematic area. The oomycete was isolated using different fruits as bites and then purified and multiplied in different culture media. It was possible to reproduce the symptoms of the disease, when nursery oil palms or detached immature spear tissue were inoculated and to reisolate it from the new lesions. The process of morphological characterization of the responsible in live, in the early lesions of the disease, and in vitro in culture media with purified isolates, confirmed that the pathogen responsible for the PC, is a member of the genus Phytophthora, due to the characteristic oospores, chlamydospores, the coenocytic mycelium and the sporangia observed. En las investigaciones adelantadas para identificar el o los microorganismos responsables de la Pudrición del cogollo (PC) de la Palma de aceite en Colombia, se aislaron, cultivaron, purificaron e inocularon muchos microorganismos asociados con las lesiones en las palmas enfermas y la mayoría fueron descartados por no ser responsables de iniciar la enfermedad. Se concentraron todos los esfuerzos en las estructuras de resistencia similares a las de los oomicetos, que se venían observando en el cogollo en estados muy tempranos de la infección, en el frente de avance de la pudrición hacia la zona meristemática. El oomiceto fue aislado utilizando diferentes frutos como trampa y luego purificado e incrementado en diferentes medios de cultivo. Se lograron reproducir los síntomas de la enfermedad mediante inoculaciones en palmas de vivero y en flecha desprendida y se realizó el oomiceto inoculado. El proceso de caracterización morfológica del responsable tanto in vivo, en lesiones tempranas de la enfermedad, como in vitro con aislamientos purificados en medio de cultivo, permitió confirmar que las oosporas, las clamidosporas, el micelio cenocítico y los esporangios observados en el microorganismo responsable de la PC, lo identifican como un miembro del género Phytophthora.
In the research activities oriented toward the identification of the microorganism responsible for bud rot (PC, for its name in Spanish), of the oil palm in Colombia, there were isolated, purified and used in pathogenicity tests, the wide range of microorganisms associated with the lesions in the diseased palms. After the corresponding observations, it was possible to discard many of them, as the responsible to initiate the disease and finally concentrate all the efforts in the resistance structures similar to the ones of the oomicetos that were observed in the bud, in the early stages of infection, in the advance zone of the rotting process toward the meristematic area. The oomycete was isolated using different fruits as bites and then purified and multiplied in different culture media. It was possible to reproduce the symptoms of the disease, when nursery oil palms or detached immature spear tissue were inoculated and to reisolate it from the new lesions. The process of morphological characterization of the responsible in live, in the early lesions of the disease, and in vitro in culture media with purified isolates, confirmed that the pathogen responsible for the PC, is a member of the genus Phytophthora, due to the characteristic oospores, chlamydospores, the coenocytic mycelium and the sporangia observed.
Palabras clave:
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
pudrición del cogollo
phytophthora
Colombia
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
pudrición del cogollo
phytophthora
Colombia