Phytophthora Species That Attack oil Palm: their Nature, Survival and Control
Publicación:
Revista Palmas; Vol. 31 Núm. especial, (2010); 376-382
0121-2923
Revista Palmas; Vol. 31 Núm. especial, (2010); 376-382
0121-2923
Abstract
Palms are attacked by two different Phytophthora species, p. palmivora and p. katsurae. Bud rot of oil palm has been attributed to numerous factors including plant pathogenic bacteria and even abiotic stress. The first indication that Phytophthora might be the cause came in the early 1990's in work done by Elizabeth Alvarez at CIAT). However, definitive proof that Phytophthora palmivora was a causal agent only emerged earlier this year in conclusive research done at Cenipalma, in Colombia. The identification of the cause of bud rot allows strategies developed for Phytophthora control of other plant diseases to be evaluated in oil palm plantations. These integrated disease management approaches should include cultural and phytosanitary practices as well as prophylactic usage of copper fungicides. The use of phosphite trunk injections can be evaluated. However in all these approaches to disease management accurate knowledge of the presence and distribution of Phytophthora in the plantation is a critical need. The development of cost effective, accurate and sensitive diagnostic methods is the most urgent need. A las palmas de aceite las atacan dos especies diferentes de Phytophthora (palmivora y katsurae). La Pudrición del Cogollo (pc) de la palma de aceite ha sido atribuida a numerosos factores, incluyendo bacterias patógenas e inclusive a extras abiótico. La primera indicación de que Phytophthora podría ser la causa surgió a comienzos de la década del noventa en un trabajo realizado por Elizabeth -Álvarez en el Ciat. Sin embargo, la prueba definitiva de que Phytophthora palmivora era el agente causal surgió a comienzos de este año en una investigación realizada por la Corporación Centro de Investigación en Palma de Aceite (Cenipalma). La identificación de la causa de la pc permite que el desarrollo de estrategias para el control de Phytophthora de otras enfermedades sea evaluado en plantaciones de palma de aceite. Estos enfoques de manejo integrado de la enfermedad deben incluir prácticas culturales y fitosanitarias, así como también el uso de fungicidas de cobre. El uso de inyecciones de fosfito en el tronco se puede evaluar. Sin embargo, en todos estos enfoques de manejo de la enfermedad el conocimiento preciso de la presencia y distribución de Phytophthora en la plantación, es una necesidad crítica. El desarrollo de métodos de diagnóstico precisos y económicamente viables es la necesidad más urgente.
Palms are attacked by two different Phytophthora species, p. palmivora and p. katsurae. Bud rot of oil palm has been attributed to numerous factors including plant pathogenic bacteria and even abiotic stress. The first indication that Phytophthora might be the cause came in the early 1990's in work done by Elizabeth Alvarez at CIAT). However, definitive proof that Phytophthora palmivora was a causal agent only emerged earlier this year in conclusive research done at Cenipalma, in Colombia. The identification of the cause of bud rot allows strategies developed for Phytophthora control of other plant diseases to be evaluated in oil palm plantations. These integrated disease management approaches should include cultural and phytosanitary practices as well as prophylactic usage of copper fungicides. The use of phosphite trunk injections can be evaluated. However in all these approaches to disease management accurate knowledge of the presence and distribution of Phytophthora in the plantation is a critical need. The development of cost effective, accurate and sensitive diagnostic methods is the most urgent need.
Palabras clave:
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
enfermedades de las plantas
cocos nucífera
pudrición del cogollo
phytophthora
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
enfermedades de las plantas
cocos nucífera
pudrición del cogollo
phytophthora