Fertilizers incorporation using fertilizer machines for direct seeding
Author
Alfonso C., Oscar A.
Romero, Hernán M.
Castiblanco, Jhon S.
Estadisticas
Publicación:
Revista Palmas; Vol. 32 Núm. 1 (2011); 71-79
0121-2923
Revista Palmas; Vol. 32 Núm. 1 (2011); 71-79
0121-2923
Abstract
The high productivity of oil palm is related to the correct nutrition of the crop. However, during the last few years, fertilizer cost has increased, labor availability for fertilizer application has been reduced and overall fertilizer efficiency is low. Direct fertilizer incorporation to the soil has been proposed as an alternative to improve de mentioned indicators. The idea is to increase the efficiency and to benefit the oil palm growers through dose reduction with sustained yields; or to increase yield using the same doses. Thus, it could be possible to considerably reduced production costs. The present research was done in the Central and Eastern oil palm zones of Colombia in ?Oleaginosas Las Brisas? and ?Palmas del Casanare? plantations. The objective was to evaluate de viability of mechanized fertilizer incorporation to the soil. Machine calibration and optimal conditions-verification, together with the measurement of the profile cut by the seeder discs were performed. The technology showed an optimal mechanical principle for fertilizer incorporation to the soil inside the crop field, and also for the use of different doses. Incorporation depth was between 4 cm and 4,5 cm, and the disturbed area by the discs was between 7 cm2 and 14.8 cm2 using four and six-hopper fertilizers. La alta productividad de la palma de aceite está en función de una correcta nutrición del cultivo, sin embargo, en los últimos años se ha incrementado el costo de los fertilizantes, se ha disminuido la mano de obra para la aplicación en los meses con condiciones adecuadas para realizar la labor y presenta eficiencia de fertilización baja. Como alternativa para mejorar estos indicadores se ha propuesto la incorporación de los fertilizantes al suelo, con la idea de incrementar la eficiencia, ofrecer beneficio al palmicultor mediante la disminución de las dosis obteniéndose igual producción o incrementar producción a iguales dosis, alternativas que brindan la posibilidad de llegar a una disminución considerable en los costos de producción. Este trabajo se llevó a cabo en las zonas Central y Oriental de Colombia en las plantaciones Oleaginosas Las Brisas y Palmas del Casanare con el objeto de evaluar la viabilidad de la incorporación mecanizada de fertilizantes al suelo. Se realizó la calibración y verificación de condiciones óptimas y la medición del perfil de corte de cada uno de los discos de la abonadora. Se observó que la tecnología presenta el principio mecánico óptimo para incorporar los fertilizantes al suelo dentro del cultivo, diversidad de dosis, profundidad máxima de incorporación entre 4 y 4,5 cm y área disturbada promedio de 7 a 14,8 cm2 para los discos de las abonadoras de cuatro y seis tolvas respectivamente.
The high productivity of oil palm is related to the correct nutrition of the crop. However, during the last few years, fertilizer cost has increased, labor availability for fertilizer application has been reduced and overall fertilizer efficiency is low. Direct fertilizer incorporation to the soil has been proposed as an alternative to improve de mentioned indicators. The idea is to increase the efficiency and to benefit the oil palm growers through dose reduction with sustained yields; or to increase yield using the same doses. Thus, it could be possible to considerably reduced production costs. The present research was done in the Central and Eastern oil palm zones of Colombia in ?Oleaginosas Las Brisas? and ?Palmas del Casanare? plantations. The objective was to evaluate de viability of mechanized fertilizer incorporation to the soil. Machine calibration and optimal conditions-verification, together with the measurement of the profile cut by the seeder discs were performed. The technology showed an optimal mechanical principle for fertilizer incorporation to the soil inside the crop field, and also for the use of different doses. Incorporation depth was between 4 cm and 4,5 cm, and the disturbed area by the discs was between 7 cm2 and 14.8 cm2 using four and six-hopper fertilizers.
Palabras clave:
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
abonadoras
equipo de fertilización
rendimiento de cultivos
siembra
palma de aceite
elaeis guineensis
abonadoras
equipo de fertilización
rendimiento de cultivos
siembra