| dc.creator | Sundram, Shamala | |
| dc.creator | Seman, Idris Abu | |
| dc.creator | Roslan, Nur Diyana | |
| dc.creator | Lee Angel, Lee Pei | |
| dc.creator | Mohamed Azni, Intan Nur Ainni | |
| dc.creator | Sirajuddin, Salwa Abdullah | |
| dc.date | 2019-12-19 | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-03-13T22:29:37Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-03-13T22:29:37Z | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.fedepalma.org/handle/123456789/145387 | |
| dc.description | Oil palm, the crop that spreads across the region of equatorial belt is no exception to pest and diseases. The crop is highly susceptible to a number of diseases confined to the region it is planted. Basal stem rot caused by Ganoderma spp. is the number one threat to its cultivation in the South East Asia region. Historically, the disease was once perceived as a senescence disease but soon discovered that the prevalence to have no correlation to the age of palm. Predisposing factors that include biotic and abiotic parameters: previous planting materials, soil type, nutrient status, replanting techniques were hypothesized to have contributed to the disease spread. However, among these factors, replanting technique plays a key role in keeping this disease at bay. However, identifying a single predisposing factor is insufficient to manage the disease. On this respect, an integrated Pest Management System (IPM) is the priority in controlling the pest and disease with a subset of IPM referred as Integrated Ganoderma Management (IGM). IGM is an assembly of management strategies that holistically attempts to control the disease at an economic threshold. The approach is a combination of cultural practices, biological control and chemical application. Soil mounding and trenches that were once thought not effective is now being actively carried out in the field as a final resort to prolong the lifespan of the standing productive palm. In the pursuit of achieving the status of a sustainable crop, biological control application is the way forward in managing the disease effectively. Recent advances on these microbes namely Trichoderma, Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), Hendersonia, Hymenomycetes, Actinomycetes and endophytic bacteria will be discussed in this paper. It is envisaged that screening for resistant/tolerant material against the disease would be the most effective measure against this deadly disease. Screening for resistant materials are actively being carried out using mass screening of advance breeding materials. On this note, future gene editing technologies would be able to provide breeders with more flexibility to introduce beneficial traits into the genome. | en-US |
| dc.description | La palma de aceite, el cultivo que se extiende por la región del cinturón ecuatorial, no está exenta de pestes y enfermedades. Este cultivo es altamente susceptible a una serie de enfermedades limitadas a la región donde se planta. La Pudrición basal del estípite es causada por Ganoderma spp., la amenaza número uno en la región del Sudeste Asiático. Históricamente, era percibida como una enfermedad senescente, pero pronto se descubrió que su prevalencia no tiene correlación con la edad de la palma. Además de los factores predisponentes que incluyen parámetros bióticos y abióticos, se planteó la hipótesis de que los materiales de siembra anteriores, el tipo de suelo, el estado de los nutrientes y las técnicas de replantación contribuían a su propagación. De todos estos factores, la técnica de replantación juega un papel fundamental para controlarla, pero no es suficiente. Resulta prioritario un Sistema de Manejo Integrado de Plagas (MIP), con un subconjunto de MIP denominado Manejo Integral de Ganoderma (MIG). El MIG es un conjunto de estrategias que intenta controlar de manera integral la enfermedad dentro de un umbral económico. Este enfoque es una combinación de prácticas culturales, control biológico y aplicación de químicos. Los montículos y fosos de tierra, que antes se pensaba no eran efectivos, actualmente son activamente utilizados en el campo como un último recurso para prolongar la vida útil de la palma productiva. En la búsqueda para lograr el estado de cultivo sostenible, la aplicación de controles biológicos es el camino a seguir en el manejo eficaz de la enfermedad. A continuación, discutiremos progresos recientes en los agentes, principalmente Trichoderma, Micorriza arbuscular (MA), Hendersonia, Hymenomycotina, Actinomycetales y bacterias endófitas. Se prevé que la detección de un material resistente/tolerante es la medida más efectiva en contra de esta enfermedad mortal. La búsqueda de estos se lleva a cabo activamente mediante la revisión de materiales mejorados avanzados. Futuras tecnologías de edición genética podrían proporcionar a los mejoradores mayor flexibilidad para introducir rasgos beneficiosos en el genoma.
| es-ES |
| dc.format | application/octet-stream | |
| dc.language | spa | |
| dc.publisher | Fedepalma | es-ES |
| dc.relation | https://publicaciones.fedepalma.org/index.php/palmas/article/view/13024/12854 | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Alfadhl, Y. K., Samsuzana, A. A., Siti, K. B., Nazmi, M. N., Idris, A. S., & Izzuddin, M. A. (2018). Dielectric constant and chlorophyll content measurements for basal stem rot (BSR) disease detection. En | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/2018 International Conference on Signals and Systems (ICSigSys), Bali, 2018, pp. 69-72. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Angel, L. P. L., Sundram, S., Tay, B. Y. P., Yusof, M. T., & Ismail, I.S. (2017). Profiling of anti-fungal activity of Trichoderma virens 159c involved in biocontrol assay of Ganoderma boninense. Journal Oil Palm Research, 30, 83-93. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Angel, L. P. L., Yusof, M. T., Ismail, I. S., Tay, B. Y. P., Mohamed-Azni, I. N., Kamarudin, N. H., & Sundram, S. (2016). An in vitro study of the antifungal activity of Trichoderma virens 7b and a profile of its non-polar antifungal components released against Ganoderma boninense. Journal of Microbiology, 54, 732-744. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Ariffin, D., & Idris, A. S. (1992). The Ganoderma Selective Medium (GSM). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysis: Palm Oil Research Institute. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Ariffin, D., Idris, A. S., & Marzuki, A. (1996). Spread of Ganoderma boninense and vegetative compatibility studies of a single field palm isolates. En Proceedings PORIM International Palm Oil Congress. Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia, Bangi. | |
| dc.relation | /*ref*/Azadeh, B. F. Sariah, M., & Wong, M. Y. (2010). Characterization of Burkholderia cepacia genomovar I as a potential biocontrol agent of Ganoderma boninense in oil palm. African Journal of Biotechnology, 24, 3542-3548. | |
| dc.source | Palmas; Vol. 40 Núm. Especial T (2019); 57-69 | es-ES |
| dc.source | 2744-8266 | |
| dc.subject | Oil palm | en-US |
| dc.subject | Ganoderma | en-US |
| dc.subject | basal stem rot | en-US |
| dc.subject | control | en-US |
| dc.subject | challenges | en-US |
| dc.subject | palma de aceite | es-ES |
| dc.subject | Ganoderma | es-ES |
| dc.subject | Pudrición basal del estípite | es-ES |
| dc.subject | manejo | es-ES |
| dc.subject | retos | es-ES |
| dc.title | Ganoderma: Research Advances, Management and Future Challenges | en-US |
| dc.title | Ganoderma: progresos en investigación, manejo y retos a futuro | es-ES |
| dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article | |
| dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion | |
| dc.identifier.url | https://publicaciones.fedepalma.org/index.php/palmas/article/view/13024 | |
