| dc.creator | Jackson, T. A. | |
| dc.creator | Crawford, J. W. | |
| dc.creator | Traeholt , C. | |
| dc.creator | Sanders , T. A. B. | |
| dc.date | 2020-07-16 | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-03-13T22:29:57Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-03-13T22:29:57Z | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.fedepalma.org/handle/123456789/145448 | |
| dc.description | The 2019 Inter-governmental Panel (IPCC) Report on Climate Change and Land highlighted the urgency and scale of the environmental impact from humaninduced landscape change. Palm oil has historically had a particularly negative reputation for driving deforestation, biodiversity loss, greenhouse gas emis- sions, social exploitation and damaging health. In the eyes of many in the West, it is regarded as the world’s most hated crop. However, palm is highly productive compared with other crops and produces 40% of the worlds edible oil from only 5% of vegetable oil producing land and 0.4% of agricultural land in total. It has the potential to meet future demand for oil with minimum additional environmental and climate impact compared with other sources of vegetable oil. The related high value density has the potential to move millions of vulnerable smallholder farmers out of poverty. Given the conclusions of the IPCC Climate and Land Report, it is therefore important to re-examine the crop’s reputation in light of the accumulated evidence and to properly understand the full impacts across the environmental, health, social and economic factors. We present a comprehensive review of the benefits and risks of the crop across these dimensions and provide a new synthesis. We conclude that while oil palm has had a significant negative impact on habitat and biodiversity, it plays a minor role compared with poaching, illegal logging and threats from climate change. There are important opportunities for the industry to reverse this damage. Its reputation for negative health impacts are not backed up by the scientific evidence and indeed there may be health benefits from substituting some oils in the diet with oil palm. Positive social and economic impacts are most obvious in areas where proper marketled economies are in place, but there can be significant negative social impacts in less developed areas. We conclude that much of the reputation of palm oil is not based on a balanced interpretation of the scientific evidence. Provided future development is zero deforestation, does not occur on peat, uses methane capture technology at the mills, empowers indigenous smallholders and supports the regeneration of secondary forest, we conclude that oil palm can be the most environmentally, socially and economically sustainable means to meet future demand for vegetable oil. Indeed, with pro-active collaboration with relevant non-government organisations, oil palm can be part of the solution to reversing the degradation of tropical forest biomes. | en-US |
| dc.description | El informe Cambio Climático y Tierra de 2019 del Panel Intergubernamental del Cambio Cli- mático (IPCC, por sus siglas en inglés) resaltó la urgencia y escala del impacto ambiental que tienen las transformaciones antropogénicas en el paisaje. Históricamente, el aceite de palma ha tenido una reputación negativa por impulsar la deforestación, la pérdida de biodiversidad, las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, la explotación social y causar daños a la salud. A los ojos de muchos, en el mundo occidental es considerado como el cultivo más odiado. Sin embargo, la palma es altamente productiva en comparación con otros cultivos y genera el 40 % del aceite comestible del planeta con tan solo el 5 % de tierras productoras de aceite vegetal y el 0,4 % del total de tierras agrícolas. Tiene el potencial de satisfacer la demanda futura de aceite con mínimo impacto ambiental y climático en comparación con otras fuentes de aceite vegetal.
La densidad de alto valor relacionada tiene el potencial de sacar a millones de pequeños productores agrícolas de la pobreza. Dadas las conclusiones del informe Cambio Climático y Tierra del IPCC, es importante reexaminar la reputación de este cultivo a la luz de la evidencia acumulada y entender adecuadamente todos los impactos que tiene en factores ambientales, sociales, económicos y de salud. En este artículo se presenta una crítica integral de los beneficios y riesgos del cultivo en estas dimensiones y se proporciona una nueva síntesis. Se concluye que aunque la palma de aceite ha tenido un impacto negativo en el hábitat y la biodiversidad, juega un papel menor en comparación con la caza furtiva, la tala ilegal y las amenazas del cambio climático. Hay oportunidades importantes para que la industria reverse este daño. Su reputación negativa frente a la salud no está sustentada por evidencia científica y, de hecho, reemplazar algunos aceites en la dieta con aceite de palma puede ser benéfico. Los impactos económicos y sociales son más obvios en áreas en las que se han establecido economías de mercado adecuadas, pero puede haber impactos negativos significativos en áreas menos desarrolladas. También se concluye que gran parte de la reputación del aceite de palma no está basada en una interpretación equilibrada de la evidencia científica. Siempre y cuando los desarrollos futuros utilicen tecno- logías de captura de metano en las plantas de beneficio, empoderen a los pequeños productores indígenas, apoyen la regeneración de bosques secundarios y no impliquen deforestación ni ocurran en turba, concluimos que la palma de aceite puede ser el medio más sostenible ambiental, social y económicamente viable para satisfacer la demanda futura de aceite vegetal. De hecho, con colaboraciones proactivas con organizaciones no gubernamentales relevantes, la palma de aceite puede ser parte de la solución para reversar la degradación de los biomas de bosques tropicales. | es-ES |
| dc.format | application/pdf | |
| dc.language | spa | |
| dc.publisher | Fedepalma | es-ES |
| dc.relation | https://publicaciones.fedepalma.org/index.php/palmas/article/view/13127/12935 | |
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| dc.source | Palmas; Vol. 41 Núm. 1 (2020); 64-87 | es-ES |
| dc.source | 2744-8266 | |
| dc.subject | oil palm | en-US |
| dc.subject | sustainability | en-US |
| dc.subject | response to critics | en-US |
| dc.subject | palma de aceite | es-ES |
| dc.subject | sostenibilidad | es-ES |
| dc.subject | respuesta a críticos | es-ES |
| dc.title | Learning to Love the World’s most Hated Crop | en-US |
| dc.title | Aprendiendo a amar al cultivo más odiado del mundo | es-ES |
| dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article | |
| dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion | |
| dc.identifier.url | https://publicaciones.fedepalma.org/index.php/palmas/article/view/13127 | |
